Molecular Characterization of Hydatid Cyst from Egyptian one Humped Camels (Camelus dromedaries)

Abstract

Hydatidosis or cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by Echinococcus granulosus (EG) complex, which infects humans especially children and several species of wild and domestic animals including camels, cattle, equines, sheep and goats. Infection come from the consumption of Echinococcus granulosus eggs with contaminated food, and therefore the syndrome is of public health significance. There are several genotypes nearly ten from genotype 1 to genotype 10, which are found all over the world based on genetic diversity. Several studies are conducted on the genetic diversity of hydatid cyst on Egyptian camels (Camelus dromedaries) at Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt, and this study is the continuation of previous works. In this study a total of 55 hydatid cysts samples were collected from the lungs of camels admitted to abattoir of Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt. Brood capsules, free solitary scolices, and sediment of hydatid fluid, were the source of DNA, which was extracted by the commercial kit. For polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, two gene primers, the cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (cox1 gene), and the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH1 gene) were used and the partial sequences obtained were analyzed by gene sequencing and then phylogenetic analysis was carried out. Results of this study showed that 90.5% (n = 49/55) of the samples were identified as Echinococcus canadensis genotype 6 (G6), and 9.5 % (n=6/55) were identified as Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) which newly imported from Sudan for slaughtering. The presence of Echinococcus ortleppi of the cattle isolate (G5) in the Egyptian camels was concluded for the first time.