A Mini Review on Biological Removal of Heavy Metals from Water Systems

Abstract

Heavy metals are significant wastewater contaminants that are not biodegradable and thus accumulate in the environment, leading to both ecological and health problems. The release of these metals into the environment as a result of numerous industrial and agricultural operations is a serious concern. Some of them are extremely toxic for a large variety of organisms, even at very low concentrations. Removing heavy metals from water systems is a challenging process that requires constant attention and monitoring. This review provides new information on the primary methods and materials utilized for the biological removal of heavy metals from water systems.